At the European Academy of Neurology (EAN) Annual Congress in Vienna, a special session was dedicated to the achievements of the central protagonists of the Viennese School of Medicine. Hans Lassmann, MD, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, highlights the contributions of neurologists and neuropathologists from the Viennese School of Medicine on the understanding of demyelinating inflammatory disorders of the central nervous system. Amongst them were Heinrich Obersteiner and Otto Marburg. This interview took place at the 2022 EAN Annual Congress in Vienna, Austria.