In recent years, long term data from several clinical trials has demonstrated the superiority of patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure over medical treatment for patients with a PFO-related stroke. Jaime Masjuan, MD, PhD, The Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain, discusses the importance of accurate diagnosis and classification now that a specific treatment regimen has been established. Prof. Masjuan comments on the need for transcranial doppler and transesophageal echocardiography to look for the presence of PFO, determine its characteristics, and to identify patients at high-risk of recurrent stroke who would benefit from PFO closure. Prof. Masjuan also talks on the consensus that has been reached, which says that PFO-related stroke should be considered a category of its own and no longer considered in the group of cryptogenic strokes. This interview took place at the European Stroke Organisation Conference (ESOC), 2021.