Danny Eckert, PhD, Adelaide Institute for Sleep Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia, talks on the emerging sex differences in upper airway physiology and their implications for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) pathophysiology and treatment. According to traditional measurements using the apnea hypoxia index (AHI), OSA is 2-3 times more common in men; however, there is growing evidence that the disorder manifests differently between sexes. Identifying these differences in anatomical vulnerability to sleep apnea is paramount to developing effective therapies for all OSA patients. This interview was recorded at the World Sleep Congress 2022 in Rome, Italy.