ECTRIMS 2022 | The pathology of MS and MOGAD: similarities and differences

Hans Lassmann, MD, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, outlines how the pathology of multiple sclerosis (MS) differs from and resembles myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD). While both are inflammatory, demyelinating disorders, their lesions differ in many aspects, including their topographical distribution in the central nervous system, the type of demyelination, and the nature of the inflammatory response. Demyelination in MOGAD usually occurs in the depths of the white matter and by fusion of perivenous lesions. In contrast, in MS, the typical lesions are found in the periventricular tissue and the subcortical white matter and grow by radial expansion. Finally, in active MS lesions, the dominant lymphocytes are CD8+ T-cells and B-cells; in MOGAD, infiltrating lymphocytes are mainly CD4+ T-cells. This interview took place at the European Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (ECTRIMS) Congress 2022 in Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

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