Davide Martino, MD, PhD, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, discusses the variety of factors that can contribute to the development of rapid-onset functional tic-like (ROFT) behaviours, as well as optimal treatment strategies. An increase in anxiety and stress during the pandemic is thought to have contributed to the recent increase in the prevalence of ROFT behaviours. Additionally, the rise of videos depicting ROFT behaviours on social media platforms such as YouTube and TikTok is thought to be partially responsible for the increase in prevalence among adolescents and young adults. Dr Martino also explains recent research looking at how to differentiate ROFT behaviours from typical tics, such as those found in Tourette’s syndrome. There are different treatment approaches for each of these conditions, so a reliable diagnostic process is crucial. Typical anti-tic medications used to treat severe tics are not effective for treating ROFT behaviours. Patients exhibiting ROFT behaviours often benefit from multidisciplinary treatment strategies which include cognitive and behavioural therapy, as well as treatment of predisposing co-morbidities, such as anxiety disorders. This interview took place at the American Academy of Neurology 2022 Congress in Seattle, WA.
