Ana Catarina Fonseca, MD, PhD, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal, discusses recent updates on biomarkers associated with carotid artery atheroma and cardioembolic stroke. New evidence has demonstrated that interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels are related to prognosis and risk of recurrence in patients with carotid artery atheroma. N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) remains the most widely studied biomarker in cardioembolic stroke. This interview took place at European Stroke Organisation Conference 2022 in Lyon, France.